Bearing



June 25, 1929. H, M, ROCKWELL 1,718,381

BEARING Filed Sept. l0. 1920 Arm/mfr 2 0 tion elenents from` PatentedJune 2.5,V 1929.V

f' `HUGH n. RoCxwELL, or iaiazrsroi., CONNECTICUT.

Y Application lled September 10, 1920.` Serial No. 409,340.

This invention relates to antifriction bearings and more especially toabearing suitable for use on the crank pin of a crank shaft of a primemover or wherever reciprocatory 5 movement istransformed intorotarymovement.

JvLttempts have been made to use antifricg tionA bearings between theconnecting rods and crank pins of an internal-combustion engine. Theseattemptshave not been successfuL because of the peculiar forces to whichthe antifriction elements are subjected. axis ex- The throw of thebearing about an ternal to itself causes the antif'riction elements toslide first onefway and th'en the other, dile to the difference in theforce exerted on the elements and the change in direction of the forceproduced by the changing lof the direction of travel of the antifricfthe axis of theI crank shaft. This sliding of the. antifrictinelementstakes place opposite the point at which the load is appliedtothe bearing and results in a; quick deterioration of the raceways,thereby cuttingshort vthe useful life of the bearing. Cages of the usualtype do not prevent this sliding as the inertia lor momentum of 4theanti-frlction forces is so reat that .or destroye entirely.

Furthermore, the rotation of the ca e about the axis of the crankshaftsubjects t e cage tothe action of centrifugal force which pressesthe cage against the antifriction ele- 3'5 ments and nullities to aconsiderable extent the advantage gained from the use of these elementsand causes a on the s acing means.

The o et of this invention is the provision of a hearing betweentheconnectin rod and crank pin which reduces friction terebetween to aminimum and which is relatively light in weight but'ca able ofwithstanding the conditions to whic a crank throw bear- 45. ing issubjected. s

Another'object of this invention is to provide amanti-friction bearingin which the cage is sufiicientlyrugged to prevent the skidding orsli-ding of the antifriction elements. ther object of the invention isthe provision of a bearing connectin the crank pin and the connectingrod in`wh1eh the contacting or bearin surfaces are continuous anduninterruptedg. l Still another object of the invention is the provisionof an arrangement of the separator the cages are distorted elementsunder these great amount of wear of the Wire 15 in the relative to theantifr'iction elementsI whereby the thrust of the separator under theinfinence of centrifugal force is taken on antifriction balls. qol-Other objects of the invention will' become apparent as thespecification proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings is disclosed an embodiment of the inventionwherein f ig. 1 is a fragmentary plan view,A partly 65 in section, ofthe crank shaft and connecting rods, the outer ends of theconnectingrods being broken away;

ig. 2 is a section on line 2%2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged section through a 70v roller.

In the embodiment of the invention specifivcally disclosed herein acrank pin lofY the crank shaft constitutes the inner race member of abearing and is provided with a fiat 'I5v bottom groove 2 cnt in thesurface thereof to form ajraceway. The outer race member v comprises aconnecting rod 3 having an aper-e Y ture at its inner end, the enclosingsurface of which forms a raceway 4 to cooperate 80A with the raceway 2between which are interposed' the anti-friction elements.'

The anti-friction elements comprise tubular rollers v5*. These rollersare provided Awith cages comprisingrings 9 connected to- 35 etherby'rivets 10 which pass `through the ores of the rollers 5b. The rings 9are spaced apart aildheld against the heads ofthe rivets 10 by sleeves14 and a plurality of rows of anti-friction balls 8 are`irrterposedbetween 90 the sleeves 14 and the inner surfaces of thebores of the rollers. These balls are kept in their respective rows byspacing rings 14".

' he raceway '4 preferably is a plain cylindrical surface lprovidedwithv an annular groovein'which -is arranged a wire 15.A The rollers areformed with similar grooves 416 which receive the wire 15. Theengagementgrooves llocates the connectingrod axially of the rollers, which in turnare the shoulders of the groove 2. In one wa of the roove 2 is cut anotch, which, together with t e notch 18 provided inv-the w1re15 permitsthe rollers to be interposed between the raceways. v v

Tojassemble Athis bearing, the" end of the crank shaft is slippedthrough the aperture in the inner end of the connecting rod,-which isthen slipped along the shaftuntil it encircles '110 a crank pm. If thebearing is of the type hav.- ing the wire 15, this wire may be placedAin held against axialmovement bly its groove either before or after theconnecting rod is placed on the crank pin. After the connecting rod islocated onv the crank pin, the rollers 8 are inserted between theraceways. When the rollers are all arranged between the race members,the sleeves or bushings and e balls are placed and the rivets passedthrough the sleeves or bushings and joined tothe rings.

The arrangement above described eectivelymaintains the rollers in spacedrelation since the rivets 10 are suiiiciently rugged to withstand theJtendency of the rollers to shift their positions Irelative to eachother. The thrust of the connecting rod binds certain of the rollersbetween the race members sufficiently tight to prevent movement thereof,and since the remaining rollers are held in their spaced relation, thereis-no slippage of them. |The separators assist in holding the rollers incircumferential alinement and the 'engagement of the wire 5I in the.grooves of the rollers locates the connecting rod axially of the crankpin. The rollers themselves locktogether the connecting rod and crankpin, forming a self-contained unit so that the crank shaft andconnecting rods may be handled in algroup.

What I claim is:

1. An antifriotion bearing comprising inner and outer race members, aplurality of tubular rollers interposed between said .race members,rings concentric with said race members, rods extending between saidrings and passing through said rollers, A sleeves mounted on said rods aplurality of rows of balls-interposed between each of said sleeves andspacing rings between said rows of balls.

2.l An antifriction bearing comprising inner and outer race members,a\plurality of tubular rollers interposed between said race members,rings concentric with said race Y members, Vpins extending between saidrings and passing through saidv rollers, sleeves on said pins, aplurality of rows of anti-friction members interposed between each ofsaid sleeves and its corresponding roller and means iter spacing .apaartadjacent rows of anti-friction members.

3. An antifriction bearing comprising inner and outer race members, aplurality of tue bular rollers interposed between said race members,rings concentric with said race members, pins extending between saidrings and passing through said rollers and sleeves on said pins forspacing and alining said rings and anti-friction members interposedbetween each of said sleeves and its corresponding roller.

4. An antifriction bearing comprising in-A ner and outer race members, aplurality of tubular rollers interposed between said race members,lrings concentric with said race members, pins extending between saidrings and passing through said rollers, sleeves on said pins, said ringsbeing 'clamped between the ends of said sleeves and heads formed on saidpins and anti-friction members interposed between each of said sleevesand its corresponding roller. A

5. An antifriction bearing comprising inner and 'outer race members, aplurality of tubular rollers interposed between said race members, ringsconcentric with said race members', pins extending between said ringsand passing through said rollers, sleeves on said pins, said rings beingclamped between the ends of said sleeves and heads formed on said pinswhereby said rings are spaced and alined, a plurality of rows of ballsinterposed between each of said sleeves and its corresponding roller,and means for spacing apart adjacent rows of balls.

6. An antifriction bearing comprising inner and outer race members, aplurality of tubular rollers interposed between said race members, ringslconcentric with said race members, pins extending between said ringsand passing through said rollers, sleeves on said pins, said rings beingclamped between the-ends of said sleeves and heads formed on said pinswhereby said rings are spaced' and alined, and a pluralityof rows ofballs interposed between each of said sleeves and its correspondingroller. v

HUGH M. RO CKWELL.

